CNC punch press, the core equipment for sheet metal punching process, since its inception has nearly half a century of evolution and development. With the continuous progress of CNC technology, hydraulic technology, transmission technology and mold manufacturing technology, the overall technical level of CNC turret punch press and the performance of various components have been significantly improved. Especially as the main drive components of the stamping power source, its development history has gone through many stages of change.

In the early stage, the mechanical main drive components are mainly composed of motor, flywheel, clutch and brake, crankshaft, connecting rod and slider and other components.

In the 1960s, with the introduction of CNC technology, pneumatic clutches and brakes began to be used in Sheet Metal Punching Machine. Despite its simple structure, there are problems such as fast friction plate loss, serious pollution, unstable performance, and need for frequent adjustment and maintenance, and relatively high operating frequency and noise.

By the 1980s, hydraulic clutch and brake came into prominence. They rely on stable performance, low noise, pollution and other advantages, as well as far more than the service life of pneumatic clutches and brakes, effectively reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

From the 1990s to the present, hydraulic main drive components have become the mainstream configuration of CNC turret punch presses. Compared with the mechanical main drive, the hydraulic system replaces mechanical structures such as crankshaft connecting rods by cylinders, is powered by a hydraulic station, and is programmed and controlled by the main hydraulic valve block with a special electronic card. In addition, electronic sensors are connected to the cylinder piston rod to provide real-time measurement and feedback of the punch position, stroke and speed for precise control.

The advantages of the hydraulic main drive are its flexibility, speed controllability and process scalability. Through the program setting, the upper dead center position can be adjusted according to the plate thickness, punching type and other factors to optimize the punching frequency. At the same time, parameterized changes in punch speed allow for less shock and vibration when contacting the sheet, thus reducing noise. In addition, high stopping accuracy and maximum punching force over the full stroke make the machine suitable for special forming processes such as stretching and rolling.

In recent years, with the improvement and promotion of high-torque servo motors and drive systems, servo motor-driven main drive components have become a new development trend.

The servo motor-driven main drive not only inherits the proven reliability of the mechanical main drive, but also incorporates many of the advantages of the hydraulic main drive. Notable features include energy saving and noise reduction. In terms of energy savings, the servo motor simplifies the structure and reduces power consumption as it provides the required energy only during stamping, without the need to store and release flywheel energy.

When the slide penetrates the sheet material in the stamping die, it will be affected by the stamping counterforce, generating vibration and shock, which in turn triggers noise. This noise increases as the slide speed and press force increase. Conventional mechanical main drive presses usually suppress noise by strengthening the bed and increasing the machine tonnage. However, servomotor-driven main drive presses are capable of controlling and regulating the slide speed in real time, especially during the stamping process, and can control the punch to stop at the right time and reduce the speed when punching into the sheet, which significantly reduces the noise, with a reduction effect of up to about 10 db. In addition, this control method also reduces the punch's impact on the sheet, which helps to prolong the service life of the molds.

In addition, the servo motor-driven main drive offers improved efficiency. Its slide stroke and speed can be flexibly adjusted, enabling the operator to choose the shortest stroke and appropriate speed according to the actual needs, to achieve synchronization with the feeding action, and thus improve production efficiency.

In addition, the servomotor-driven main drive optimizes process control. Depending on the stamping process and the type of die, the operator can be programmed to flexibly control the slide to accommodate various stamping modes, such as embossing, punching and forming. A wide range of operating modes such as high-speed punching, step punching, forming, quiet processing and die calibration are also available, further enriching the flexibility of process control.

RITEC MACHINERY, after decades of development and technology accumulation, its manufacturing technology has reached maturity, CNC punching machine with its high precision, high efficiency, cost-effective features, by the world's many well-known brands.

In terms of energy saving, the design of servo power head makes servo turret punch press save up to 30% energy compared with traditional mechanical and hydraulic CNC punch press. The speed and position of the power head are adjustable, making the operation of processes such as stretching, rolling and knocking down holes easy and simple. Moreover, due to the adoption of planetary reducer, the noise during stamping is greatly reduced. As for the working table, the equipment fully considers the user's needs for processing large plates, and the wider table design in the X-axis direction allows the user to meet the needs without adding an auxiliary table. In addition, the mixed use of hard cluster wear-resistant brushes and steel balls not only ensures the smooth operation and low-noise characteristics of the table, but also plays a good role in protecting the surface of the plate and improves the efficiency of vibratory material separation. Meanwhile, the anti-scratch device of the plate further enhances the safety of the equipment.

The lower turret of the machine is especially equipped with a plate anti-scratch device, which effectively protects plates with special surface processing requirements and ensures that the surface of the workpiece remains smooth and clean when the turret is rotating at high speed.

Next, let's take a look at some of the key parts of the machine. The first is the frame, which serves as the mounting base for the main drive system, turntable components, X and Y axis feeding system, air circuit and lubrication system, etc. It must have high rigidity and excellent accuracy retention. We adopt the O-type closed, steel plate welded box structure, and after the whole heat treatment, to ensure the high stability of the frame and the precise installation of each component.

For the transmission part, we use the world famous brand, the outer diameter of the screw reaches φ40mm or more, the precision of the guide rail is H grade precision grade, and the screw is C5 grade. This configuration ensures that the bearings and guideways have a large contact surface, which is ideal for high-speed machining and high durability requirements.

In addition, we have adopted a high-strength wear-resistant material, ductile cast iron, to manufacture a thick turret, with a thickness of ≥80mm, and equipped with automatic lubrication. This thick turret with a long guiding die not only improves the alignment and guiding accuracy of the die, but also increases rigidity and reduces off-loading, thereby significantly extending the life of the die. In contrast, the split-type thin turret (thickness ≤ 45mm, diameter ≥ 1300mm) due to poor coaxiality, rigidity and easy deformation and other problems, resulting in shortened die life, punching the back of the large burr at the hole, increasing the deburring process. Therefore, the thick turret equipment can save about 4000-7000 USD per year in terms of mold cost.

In order to ensure the precise positioning of the turret and the concentric centering of the upper and lower dies, we adopt lateral turntable locating pins for positioning, which effectively avoids the deformation of the turret caused by end face positioning. At the same time, the rotary die system realizes the function of “one die for multiple uses”, which reduces the number of die configurations, improves the processing capability and flexibility, further saves processing time and improves the accuracy and quality of the finished products.

The design of the indexing die is unique, adopting worm gear transmission, which not only has the function of automatic protection against misoperation, but also can effectively avoid the damage of the worm gear and the die. Its stability, precision and ease of adjustment are all excellent, and it has a large transmission ratio, good self-locking, and completely eliminates lateral clearance. This design is very suitable for the processing of complex parts, and can easily accomplish the task of stamping at any angle. In addition, the worm gear transmission method can effectively reduce the mold clearance changes caused by problems such as mold offloading, thus extending the service life of the rotary mold and improving the processing quality of the workpiece.

For the clamp, we have chosen a fully floating design, which eliminates the need to lift the steel plate during loading, making it fast and convenient. Especially when stamping thick plates, the jaws will not be reversed up and down, effectively minimizing damage to the clamp. The clamp can float in the vertical direction, minimizing material deformation. In addition, the integral dovetail connection makes the clamp move more quickly and easily. When the clamp clamping area needs to be stamped, it can easily avoid to the non-stamping area for clamping, thus realizing no processing dead zone within the maximum specification of the plate and maximizing the saving of the plate. The noise is low during operation, and the movement and positioning of the skateboard is also very convenient.

CNC turret punching machine, as a high-end equipment in plate processing, is loved by the majority of users by virtue of its high precision, high efficiency, high automation and flexibility. In multi-species, small and medium batch production, its advantages are more obvious. Compared with the traditional machine, servo type has significant advantages in energy saving, noise reduction, efficiency and process optimization, which predicts that it will become the mainstream trend of the development of CNC punch press in the future.

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